What is botulinum toxin type “B” – Picture of the day – Kommersant
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Representatives of the Ministry of Defense reported about the poisoning of the Russian military near the city of Vasilyevka in the Zaporozhye region. What is botulinum toxin type “B”, what side effects it can lead to and how poisoning with it is treated – in the help “Kommersant”.
The bacterium Clostridium botulinum produces dangerous toxins. In total, there are seven types of botulinum toxins – from A to G. According to WHO, four of them are potentially dangerous to humans (A, B, E, and in rare cases F).
Botulinum toxin type B is a neurotoxin, or neuromuscular agent. The substance affects the endings of the motor nerves. According to articles in Science Direct, in medicine it is used against phantom pain after amputation, from excessive sweating, in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. In the latter case, the drug relaxes the muscles of the neck and relieves discomfort due to their excessive contraction. In the UK, the recommended dose for adult patients is 5,000 to 10,000 units of the drug (filled in 3.5 to 7 ml ampoules).
Side effects may include dry mouth, upset stomach, eye irritation, headaches, tremors in the hands, and trouble swallowing. In overdose, there is a small risk of deafness and stroke.
According to the WHO, once a clinical diagnosis of botulism has been made, an antitoxin should be administered as soon as possible. Its timely administration reduces the risk of death. Antibiotics are also used for wound botulism.
In addition to medicinal forms, there are natural botulinum toxins. The source may be dead animals. Decaying mice are considered dangerous for about 35 days, according to researchers from the Institute of Zoology of the Zoological Society of London.
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