The most popular additional subjects of the Unified State Examination are named
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There are only two weeks left until February 1 – the final date for choosing additional subjects of the Unified State Exam and mathematics, which is divided into the main “base” and advanced “profile”. Of course, in schools and in the families of graduates the only talk now is about state exams. There is no less excitement in universities and relevant departments awaiting the result. It is important for universities how many applicants will be poured in and where, and this can be judged in advance based on the choice of the Unified State Examination. Ministries need influx into areas that are important to the economy. And this is also influenced by the subjects chosen by today’s students as exams.
The head of Rosobrnadzor, Anzor Muzaev, believes that social studies and computer science will be among the leaders this year.
The first subject, social studies, is consistently chosen by about half of graduates as an additional Unified State Examination. Last year there were 46% of all those taking the Unified State Exam. Computer science has recently risen in the rankings, but one cannot but agree that this subject’s upward movement in popularity will continue. Everyone needs programmers, they are important and in demand, they earn good money. And, as a recent sociological survey showed, it is very important for young people that IT specialists can work remotely.
Only chemistry and basic mathematics remained unchanged in 2024. But among the subjects that have been “redrawn” the most is social studies. The tasks have changed content, layout and meaning: the emphasis has shifted from everything international to everything Russian. And this is a very serious, fundamental change for the Unified State Exam, where it is important to answer tasks accurate to the number of words. Conclusion: Fewer people than ever will choose social studies this year. Probably someone will replace this subject on the exam list with history, where only two questions have been added “on top”. Some, perhaps, by geography, others by a foreign language.
It is not yet clear whether the aspirations for widespread enrollment in engineering will come true. This will be clear in early February, when all those who have decided to take the Unified State Exam will be counted. From those who choose specialized mathematics, we must subtract those who take computer science and aim to become IT specialists. What will remain, with some bias in related specialties, will be future engineers.
All technical disciplines require a “profile” level of mathematics for admission to the relevant universities. Therefore, if you don’t count on the low competition for universities in metallurgical, electrical or even energy engineering, thanks to additional budget places from the Ministry of Education and Science, you must pass the unified state exam in specialized mathematics. And its level is such that you either need to have a naturally bright mind with talent in the field of the “queen of sciences,” or study closely with a tutor for two years. Every year the exam only becomes more difficult.
Although, “there are a lot of fish in the sea,” and there are no fewer options in the task bank. Whether the questions will reach maximum complexity depends on the compilers of the KIMs, that is, the tasks in the exam.
You can also predict the number of admissions to “engineers” based on the number of people who chose the Unified State Examination in physics and chemistry. In some technological, energy, and materials science areas, one of these subjects is required. But the exam is also difficult, “tutored”, so to speak. And it is chosen by daredevils or children of solvent parents. Last year, 9.8% of the total number of people taking the Unified State Examination in Chemistry scored a passing grade. Physics is a little better – 12%.
In general, biology is traditionally considered the most difficult exam after specialized mathematics. There, too, the expert commission professes the “not a step back” principle, making the tasks more difficult year after year. In 2023, 15% of those who signed up for advanced courses passed biology. But the competition for medical universities, where biology is required for admission, is also not weakening, even despite the “social” additional budget places. Although, on the other hand, “honeys”, especially in the most popular specialties such as “surgery” or “medicine”, are our champions in targeted recruitment.
“As for biology, the complexity of the exam is also reflected in the dropout rate that occurs every year, it is about 20%,” says an expert in the field of education and the Unified State Exam. – We took the exam with 15%, but actually wrote for the threshold score of 12.5% - that’s what we calculated ourselves. The official results in 2023 did not show many numbers; they reported more on hundred-point scores and other achievements.
If we look at the number of people passing the same physics and chemistry, it falls every year. And this happens because the exam is very difficult. Therefore, it is a little surprising that there is some discrepancy between our educational departments. Some are making every effort to get more people into engineering, while others are making technical exams more difficult. Of course, we cannot allow “C” students to come into the industry, roughly speaking. But mathematics will already weed out the weak. I don’t understand why “advanced courses” in physics and chemistry shouldn’t be made more accessible.
The competition, in my opinion, will be more, not less, than last year. There are many beneficiaries, new territories take the Unified State Exam in a special manner and come to universities. In addition, it was promised to increase the separate quota by another 10% (the benefit for SVO participants and their children appeared last year and now amounts to 10% of admission to each university – author)
In addition, as I said, we have entered a period of graduating baby boomers. Every year, approximately 100 thousand more people graduate. That is, if last year there were 700 thousand graduates, this year 800 thousand will enroll.
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