What will change in the lives of people with disabilities in 2022 – Picture of the Day – Kommersant
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What benefits for people with disabilities exist in Russia, how cash payments and benefits are calculated, whether it is planned to increase state support for people with disabilities in the near future – in the material “Kommersant”.
People with disabilities, according to the law, are classified as an unprotected category of citizens. Both at the federal and regional levels, they are granted preferences, the volume of which is determined by the disability group.
What measures of social assistance exist
In Russia, people with disabilities are entitled to material support from the state. From the day the patient is assigned one of the three disability groups, within ten days he is assigned a payment, which is made every month. Since July 2020, it has been issued automatically on the basis of an extract from the examination certificate received from the FSIS “Federal Register of Disabled Persons”, that is, you do not need to apply for this. The amount of such benefits depends on the region of residence, indexation is carried out every year.
However, the main measure of social support from the state is a disability pension. It is of three types:
- insurance – put to those who have any length of service;
- social – for those who have never worked;
- state – assigned to disabled people who were injured in military service, while flying into space, as well as as a result of radiation and man-made disasters.
Important! Disabled children are not entitled to an insurance pension.
The amount of pensions received by people with disabilities was indexed several times in 2022. Thus, insurance pensions of non-working citizens were increased by 8.6% from January 1, and social pensions were increased in the same amount from April 1. In addition, from June 1, all basic rates of social payments were additionally indexed by another 10%.
The amount of the fixed payment to the insurance pension is 7220.74 rubles.
The disabled are entitled to a set of social services:
- free pass;
- provision of medicines;
- medical nutrition;
- vouchers to the sanatorium.
Benefits can be exchanged for a cash equivalent. At the regional level, additional payments can be established for disabled people, dental prosthetics, and free telephony can be provided.
In addition, the list of indulgences on the part of the state includes compensation for part of the cost of the “communal”. According to the federal law “On the Social Protection of the Disabled”, the discount is 50% of the cost of housing and communal services.
What else is there for people with disabilities?
The law also stipulates that enterprises are obliged to create and provide jobs for people with disabilities. Their specific number depends on the region in which the company is located.
According to the chairman of the All-Russian Society of the Disabled, State Duma deputy Mikhail Terentyev, if the organization employs more than 100 people, the quota should be from 2% to 4% of the average number of employees, if from 35 to 100 people – no more than 3%. On September 1, 2022, new rules came into force, according to which the condition is considered fulfilled by the enterprise only after the conclusion of the required percentage of employment contracts. Previously, it was enough to create and publish vacancies. “If an applicant with a disability needs an additionally equipped workplace, the employer is obliged to provide this equipment,” Mr. Terentiev added.
Regional authorities are responsible for providing disabled people with apartments and improving living conditions. How housing is provided depends on when the person with a disability applied for it. If before the beginning of 2005, then money is allocated from the federal budget in the form of targeted subventions, that is, officials cannot spend it on other purposes. If the disabled, as well as families with disabled children, were registered after January 1, 2005, then the process of providing them with housing is regulated by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, which is based on the concept of “poor,” explained Mikhail Terentyev. “The poor are citizens if they are recognized as such by the local government in the manner prescribed by the law of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, taking into account the income attributable to each family member and the value of property owned by family members and subject to taxation. Thus, in accordance with this article, it is the poor who are currently provided with living quarters,” said Mr. Terentyev.
In 2022, the State Duma adopted several laws aimed at supporting people with disabilities. Among them:
- on maintaining social additional payments to pensions for disabled children and those disabled since childhood;
- on the provision of a second free secondary vocational and higher education (entered into force on September 1, 2022), as well as on the priority procedure for the admission of unprotected categories of citizens, including children with disabilities, to colleges and technical schools;
- on the right of one of the parents or a family member to be free of charge in a hospital with a disabled child. Previously, such an opportunity was only if the child was not older than four years.
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