What are magnetic storms and how do they affect people?
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On the evening of November 5, a powerful magnetic storm of level G3 occurred on Earth. Where such storms come from, what they are like and how they can affect people and equipment – in the Kommersant information.
How do magnetic storms occur?
In zones with low temperatures on the Sun (spots), areas of special magnetic activity periodically form, which emit clouds with magnetic particles. Flares on the surface of the Sun release large amounts of energy and charged particles. They move at a speed of about 400 km/s and can penetrate the Earth’s magnetic field. Once they reach the planet, they affect its magnetic field, which in turn disables electrical devices.
What is a magnetic storm
Magnetic storms are strong disturbances in the Earth’s magnetic field, which sharply disrupt its normal course and last from several hours to several days. They depend on space weather – these are changes caused by solar flares. They can affect satellite and other technologies on Earth, as well as human life and health.
What are magnetic storms?
Scientists use the G index, which denotes a particular level of danger of a geomagnetic storm and the degree of its impact on electricity, communications, people and animals.
Magnetic storms are divided into five levels:
G1 – minor magnetic storms. They do not have any particular effect on electrical networks and the operation of electronic devices. May not be felt by people.
G2 – moderate. In some cases, they cause voltage surges and cause damage to transformers in northern latitudes. They also affect the movement of spacecraft and auroras: they arise further from the poles.
G3 – strong. They directly affect energy systems and cause interruptions in satellite navigation and radio communications. In this case, auroras occur closer to the equator. Just such a magnetic storm happened on Earth November 5, 2023.
G4 – heavy. There are problems with voltage control and erroneous operation of protective devices. Electric currents are created in pipelines, satellite navigation and radio communications deteriorate.
G5 – extremely strong. Large-scale problems with the power grid, causing a complete shutdown and serious malfunctions in the operation of satellites and radio communications. Auroras can occur in the subtropics.
How magnetic storms affect human health
The most common symptoms that may appear during magnetic storms:
- headache;
- insomnia;
- weakness;
- tachycardia;
- surges in blood pressure.
People suffering from cardiovascular diseases are at risk, since exposure to geomagnetic storms directly affects blood circulation. Most often they end up in the hospital with myocardial infarction, damage to the blood vessels of the brain, severe pain in the heart and tachycardia.
Doctors recommend these people:
- control blood pressure;
- consult with your doctor about the dosage and frequency of taking medications;
- keep all necessary medications and water nearby;
- avoid stress and negative emotions;
- limit alcohol, cigarettes and junk food.
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