The 1941 parade on Red Square was filmed in two takes: the director was late
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Why Troyanovsky had to re-shoot the famous parade
On the First they showed “Parade of 1941 on Red Square”. On November 7, the day of the Great and October Revolution, the soldiers who marched in front of the Mausoleum, after listening to the leader’s uplifting speech, went to the front to defend Moscow. That’s why this story was included in the documentary “The Defeat of German Troops near Moscow,” which received an Oscar for 1942. Our first Oscar.
The parade was to be filmed by the famous cameraman Mark Troyanovsky. It should have been, but there was a problem. Due to the heightened secrecy surrounding the most important event, the event was moved from 10 a.m. to 8 a.m. After all, the Germans were only a few kilometers from Moscow, the capital was bombed on a daily basis, and if the enemy knew the exact time of the parade…
But no one said anything to Troyanovsky. He left the house at ten and suddenly heard on the radio that the parade had begun. He immediately rushed to Red Square, but only made it to the very end. I filmed everything I could, but, of course, I already missed Stalin’s speech. What to do? After all, such a parade is an event of the highest national importance. Yes, and existential, mystical. The whole country, the whole world should have seen that Russia is not broken, Russia is fighting, fighting and will win.
That’s why we decided to rewrite everything again. Troyanovsky contacted Shcherbakov, the first secretary of the Moscow Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), who, understanding the need for reconstruction, overcoming fear, called Stalin… Stalin agreed.
And here’s take two. Three weeks later, a new recording took place in the St. George Hall of the Kremlin. Stalin arrived and was gloomier than a cloud. To fill the pause, and to defuse the situation, Troyanovsky said to the Generalissimo: “The frosts are severe. The Germans are cold.” “Our people are freezing too,” Stalin replied. And then, like a simple artist, he repeated his speech of November 7 to the soldiers. A good artist, I must say: he made the necessary pauses, emphasized the necessary phrases. Master of words! It was not for nothing that before the war I went to the Moscow Art Theater sixteen times to attend the Turbin Days.
To give the illusion of cold (November 7 was a terrible frost), the windows were opened in the St. George’s Hall, but to no avail: steam still did not come from the leader’s mouth. His speech was listened to by army men invited for such an extraordinary occasion. And here’s another inconsistency: after the editing, in the footage that Troyanovsky managed to take from the parade, there is snow on the soldiers’ greatcoats, but the army listening to Stalin stands clean, not a single snowflake.
But is this important? The performance of the Russian army was seen by the entire USSR, the whole world. Stalin then told the operators in the Kremlin: “You are illusionists.” But the victory in December 1941 was not illusory, but real, in battle. The beginning of the end of the fascists.
Then the picture from the legendary parade was included in the film “The Defeat of German Troops near Moscow.” It was filmed by directors Leonid Varlamov and Ilya Kopalin. In 1945, this film received the Stalin Prize, and in 1942 the film was shown in America, and the very next year it won an Oscar in the Best Documentary Film category.
If we know the names of the directors, then there were a lot of heroic cameramen who showed the battles near Moscow. In total, during the Great Patriotic War, 258 cameramen filmed “front behind front line”; every fourth one died. Everlasting memory.
The host of the program on the First is Alexander Baluev. Participants of that great procession along the paving stones of Red Square, as well as war veteran Vladimir Etush, actress Vera Vasilyeva, and Oleg Anofriev shared their memories there. And the only surviving front-line operator is Boris Sokolov.
Then there were Oscars for the films “War and Peace”, “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears”, “Dersu Uzala”, “Burnt by the Sun”, “The Old Man and the Sea”. But this is the first, fateful one, and there is no need for big words. Received at the very height of World War II, when his fate and outcome did not yet seem obvious. Helped to survive and win.
Newspaper headline:
Stalin: take two
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