Experimental Physiology: Staying up late causes diabetes
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Researchers from Rutgers University (USA) have found that a person’s chronotypes – the individual characteristics of the body’s circadian rhythms and related habits – affect the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Habits such as going to bed late or getting up early in the morning were subjected to the study.
50 subjects were divided into two groups based on their chronotype – an owl or a lark. The participants were observed for a week to assess the nature of their daytime and nighttime activity.
Published in the journal Experimental Physiology, the results of the experiment showed that different cycles of sleep and wakefulness change the body’s preference for energy sources.
Those who go to bed late and wake up late (owls) have been found to have a reduced ability to use fat for energy. Which, in turn, means that fats can accumulate in the human body, increasing the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Early risers, that is, people who prefer to be active in the morning, rely more on fat as a source of energy. They tend to have better levels of aerobic fitness than owls. Therefore, unlike night owls, they are more sensitive to insulin, which means they have a lower risk of developing metabolic and heart diseases.
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