The Ministry of Labor will look into the shadows – Kommersant FM
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The authorities want to count everyone who is working in vain. The Ministry of Labor has developed a methodology for identifying those employed in the shadow sector of the economy, writes RBC. This is a two-step scheme: first, they will count all the unemployed from the base of those insured under compulsory medical insurance. Children and pensioners will be deducted from the total. Then, from the remaining ones, those who have reasons not to work will be removed. The Ministry of Labor includes a number of categories that receive social payments or are supported by someone. Based on this formula, regional authorities will set KPIs for the “legalization” of such Russians. It is expected that in three years 30% of the shadow sector will be “whitewashed”.
However, this plan does not look reliable, says Dmitry Lesnyak, head of GR practice at BMS Law Firm: “Here we are talking about freelancers, people who earn money remotely, as well as bloggers. This may include those who do not operate through individual entrepreneurs or self-employment. In addition, here we have builders, laborers, installers, and so on, people who perform work, receiving cash for it; accordingly, neither they nor those who pay them make any deductions.
The introduction of the self-employed mechanism failed to bring workers out of the shadows. Based on practice, I can say that many do not understand who is self-employed, that they need to download an application, register in it, how to issue checks, and so on. For example, a person who moonlights as a loader will not do this.
Firstly, he does not know that such a mechanism exists, and if he does know, he does not understand how to use it. Secondly, he has no such need. Those who pay him in cash are not interested in these checks. And in this case, we need to explain once again why people need this and how it all works.
The simplest thing here would be to transfer everyone to self-employment. But again, how will they prove that a person receives money, how will they transfer him to self-employment. As I understand it, this technique is needed to collect statistics in order to then come up with measures of influence, namely, what to do with people who are able to work, somehow live, receive funds from somewhere, but this is not recorded anywhere, accordingly, they make no deductions They don’t either.”
Bringing workers out of the shadows is necessary to form a stable revenue base for regional budgets, experts explain. The main share of its revenue comes from personal income tax. Data will be collected from various sources, and this information array may include those who are looking for work or registered with the employment service, but for some reason are not recognized as unemployed.
The Ministry of Labor admits that the final figure may be far from reality, writes RBC. Relocants will also significantly distort statistics, noted Anastasia Ryazantseva, head of tax support for the Solar Staff service:
“Non-residents may be included in this list. If we are talking about migration, which happened last year and this year, then those who left are not required to pay taxes in Russia if they are not residents.
Accordingly, even if the Ministry of Labor comes to them demanding clarification, since there is no data on wages or income, the person will simply say that he is not a resident of the Russian Federation and is not obliged to report.
If we talk about those who remained residents, then it is impossible to identify these people in this program. The only confirmation of receipt of funds is the transfer. It could be received either to a foreign account or to an account in a Russian bank. The Ministry of Labor does not have access to information about movements in current accounts. Such extracts can only be requested by the tax authorities, and specifically and if there is a good reason.”
According to Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova, approximately 18 million people are working. Of these, 12 million are Russians who do not have any employment contracts. They are not employees or self-employed; they do not have civil contracts. Another 6 million are people who officially earn less than the minimum wage established by law. Up to 40% of Russians can receive salaries in envelopes. Such data on gray income was provided by the Federation Council.
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