New statues of Egypt’s most powerful pharaoh discovered

New statues of Egypt's most powerful pharaoh discovered

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Archaeologists have discovered several broken statues of ancient Egyptian nobility in a temple near Cairo.

These include Pharaoh Ramesses II, who was the most powerful and famous ruler of Egypt over 3,000 years ago.

The statues also depict Ramesses IX, Horemheb and Psamtik II, who ruled from 1126 to 1108 BC, from 1323 to 1295 BC. and from 595 to 589 BC. e. respectively.

They were found during the excavation of the Mataria sun temple at Heliopolis, an archaeological site located in the northeastern part of present-day Cairo.

The temple was founded by Ramesses II, so there is nothing surprising in finding his statues there.

The Sun Temples were built between 1550 and 1070 BC and were dedicated to the worship of the sun god Ra.

The pharaohs were seen as the earthly incarnation of Ra and were therefore responsible for maintaining these temples. Temples were usually built in the form of a wide open courtyard, surrounded by rooms, and they housed a stone obelisk, personifying the sun’s rays.

They were also filled with statues, which were supposed to represent the gods and goddesses that were worshiped there.

In addition to serving as physical objects of worship during rituals, statues were also seen as vessels of divine power. Statues were usually made of stone or metal, and were adorned with precious stones and ornaments that were supposed to enhance their power.

But they depicted not only the ancient gods, since statues depicting the pharaohs of that era were also installed among them.

Such statues were slaughtered by members of the royal family, it was believed that this helps to strengthen their divine power over civilization.

The ancient Egyptians believed that Heliopolis is the place where the sun god lives. Its name means “city of the sun” in ancient Greek, and it housed one of the largest temples in Egypt, nearly twice the size of the Temple of Karnak in Luxor.

The new discoveries were announced by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities. The excavations that led to their discovery were carried out by the Egyptian High Council of Antiquities and the Museum of the University of Leipzig in Germany.

The Egyptian team also discovered several quartzite sarcophagi that date back to the reign of Horemheb, about 3,300 years ago. One of them depicts King Psamtik II, who ruled about 1400 years ago, it is made of greyvak stone.

They also found fragments of a limestone floor and parts of another royal statue that has yet to be identified but is thought to be over 4,000 years old.

The German team found several pieces of statues of Ramses II with a sphinx body made of quartz and a fragment from the reign of Ramses IX. They also found an inscribed pink granite stone, which is probably the top of an obelisk from the reign of Ramses II. Traces of adobe walls and floors were also found, which date back to the second half of the first millennium BC.

The temple was largely destroyed in Greco-Roman times and many of its obelisks were moved to Alexandria or Europe.

Stones and statues from the site were also looted and used as building materials as Cairo developed.

Christina DENISYUK.

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