Kommersant-History №4 (149) – Kommersant
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Do you know how many times the flagship of Soviet industrialization, the Gorky Automobile Plant, was built?
Seemingly strange question. After all, it is well known that they began to build it at an accelerated pace in 1929, and it entered into operation on January 1, 1932.
But the bitter truth is that in 1943, on the eve of the Battle of Kursk, as a result of German air raids, this enterprise, which was extremely important for the defense of the country, was almost completely destroyed. And it, in fact, had to be built anew.
In the same days, after enemy air strikes, the Saratov aircraft plant also burned down. At the same time, Yaroslavl, which at that time had much weaker air defense protection than Gorky and Saratov, suffered much less from air raids. About why – our publication “One should be amazed at the naivete and stupidity of the city leaders”.
In the years 1950-1960, when prominent Bolsheviks were rehabilitated – victims of political repression, and then during perestroika, events were regularly held in their honor and their memory was perpetuated. At the same time, it was not customary to recall that some of them themselves were the most active supporters and participants in the creation of a system of the most severe punishments for those dissatisfied with the authorities. The one whose victims they later became. The clearest example is in the collection “Enemies, and not just enemies”.
And in the biographies of the Russian Emperor Paul I, they preferred not to mention that during his reign, the greatest dissatisfaction of the wealthy subjects was caused by his policy of fencing off Europe, which began 300 years ago, on May 17, 1798 *. How this “iron curtain” was created and what happened as a result – in the text “Introduces new orders that people don’t like”.
They did not advertise the fact that for a long time, to combat perhaps the most terrible type of crime in Russia, the “eye for an eye” rule was applied – burning alive for arson. About how effective this measure turned out to be, in the material “Property terror dominates”.
Without bitterness, one can hardly remember how the male part of society in the Russian Empire resisted the participation of women in sports competitions. Details – in the article of our permanent column “Forgotten Life” – “The judges at the competitions were incompetent”.
A pleasant exception theoretically could be the story of the subscription to the most patriotic securities – the bonds of the “Freedom Loan”. Indeed, in 1917, citizens of Russia and politicians, and prominent artists, and clerics were convinced to buy them. About how they collected money for the continuation of hostilities and what they achieved in the end – text “War rises in price every month”.
About him, far from always a pleasant taste of truth, this issue of the monthly “Kommersant-History”.
Content
“Introduces new orders that people don’t like” / How Russia was turned away from Europe
“Property terror dominates” / For what criminal offense in Russia was sentenced to be burned alive
“War rises in price every month” / What did the issue of the most patriotic bonds lead to
*All dates before February 1, 1918 are given according to the old style.
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