The deputies explained the record employment with state support and the outflow of migrants
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Record employment rates in the labor market in Russia are explained not only by state support measures, but also by the outflow of migrants who have vacated jobs, Yaroslav Nilov (LDPR), Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Labor, Social Policy and Veterans Affairs, told Vedomosti.
The fact that Russia managed to avoid mass unemployment during the period of “sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries”, informed Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin at a meeting with Rostrud head Mikhail Ivankov on November 16. He noted that employment, on the contrary, shows record levels.
Ivankov, in turn, said that the department is now recording not only the minimum unemployment rate, but also the maximum number of vacancies on the Jobs of Russia portal. “Now we have about 2.3–2.4 million vacancies, which is about four vacancies per registered unemployed,” he concluded.
By data Rosstat, the unemployment rate in Russia in September 2022 was 3.9% after 3.8% in August. The total number of unemployed in September amounted to 2 million 887 thousand people, which is 32 thousand more than in August.
“Now official unemployment has fallen to pre-pandemic levels. The reason for this was government measures to support employment, as well as the outflow of migrants and the subsequent release of jobs,” explains Nilov. But in addition to official unemployment, there is also unofficial, he recalls, and it is, of course, higher. “It is difficult to calculate, but these two indicators can differ significantly,” the deputy emphasized.
At the time of the start of the special military operation, “everyone was expecting problems” in the labor market in the summer, recalls Andrei Isaev, a member of the State Duma Committee on Labor, Social Policy and Veterans Affairs (United Russia). The government has taken “a number of steps” to curb unemployment, supporting entrepreneurs and allowing parallel imports, he lists.
The Ministry of Labor received additional powers – to organize public works, retrain workers, which, for example, ensured the “flow” of personnel from the automotive industry to the defense industry, the deputy is sure. “These measures combined have led to the fact that now unemployment is lower than before the start of the special operation,” he said.
The unemployment rate is also affected by the behavior of job seekers, says Alexander Dzhabarov, head of the press service for the job search service hh.ru. “Now the situation is repeating that was during the first wave of covid: people were not actively looking for work, they held on to their places, they did not want to change anything. This is a natural reaction to the difficult political and economic situation in the country,” he explained to Vedomosti.
Benefit does not change
In November, the Russian government decidedthat the maximum amount of unemployment benefits in Russia in 2023 will not change and will amount to 12,792 rubles. in the first three months after the appointment of such payment. In the next three months, 60% of the salary is paid, but not more than 5,000 rubles.
Dzhabarov notes the emerging imbalance in the number of applicants in different market segments: “The shortage of personnel is returning, this is especially evident in the blue-collar segment – this is working, production, construction personnel. Here we observe the situation: one or two candidates for a vacancy.
The opposite trend, according to hh.ru, is manifested in the white-collar segment, especially among lawyers, economists, accountants – among them there is now a higher level of competition than before 2022. “This is due to a slight decrease in the number of vacancies. At the same time, there are slightly more workers from this sphere than in 2021,” Dzhabarov notes.
According to VTsIOM, in September 70% of Russians reportedthat within 2-3 months none of their entourage lost their jobs. At the same time, every fifth respondent (21%) noted that among his relatives and friends there are those who lost their jobs during the specified period. The share of such responses decreased by 6 percentage points compared to the same period last year.
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