Industries diverged in numbers – Newspaper Kommersant No. 194 (7395) of 10/19/2022
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The most “digital” industries in the Russian Federation are IT, the information and communication sector, and higher education, follows from the results of calculating the index of digitalization of the economy and the social sphere, presented by experts from the Institute for Statistical Research and Economics of Knowledge (ISSEK) of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. This indicator reflects, in particular, the level of technology use and the degree of digitalization of business processes in industries. Lagging behind in terms of digital transformation are agriculture, construction and real estate.
The index of digitalization of the Russian economy and social sphere, presented for the first time by ISSEK, is calculated as the sum of five sub-indices – “Use of digital technologies”, “Digitalization of business processes”, “Digital skills of personnel”, “Costs for the implementation and use of digital technologies”, “Cybersecurity”. The sub-indices have different weights – the highest coefficient (0.3) is assigned to the “Use of digital technologies”, the smallest (0.1) – to “Cyber security”. As the ISSEK explained to Kommersant, the indicators were calculated and compared for two years at once – 2020 and 2021.
The top three in 2021 are the IT industry (33.9 points), information and communications (28.6 points) and higher education (23.9 points). The results of the first two sectors are primarily due to the high value of the “Digital skills of personnel” sub-index. The higher education sector recorded a slight decrease in the index (minus 0.2 points) relative to the result of 2020. The reason for this is called the “high base effect” — during the pandemic, universities introduced digital technologies at an accelerated pace.
The lowest results were shown by such sectors as agriculture (11.6 points), construction (11.4 points) and real estate operations (11 points). At the same time, the agricultural sector is among the leaders in the dynamics of digital transformation (plus 1.9 points). “The level of development of digital technologies has made it possible to automate a significant part of agricultural operations, significantly reducing the amount of manual labor,” the ISSEK emphasizes. Nevertheless, experts note that companies from the three lagging sectors prefer traditional methods of organizing business processes: they do not use digital platforms and rarely resort to e-commerce.
In general, for the economy, the integral value of the digitalization index in 2021 amounted to 15.7 points, 0.4 points higher than in 2020. The improvement was achieved through the growth of three sub-indices: “Use of digital technologies”, “Digitalization of business processes” and “Cybersecurity”. At the same time, the first of them showed the most noticeable increase. The main reasons for this, experts called the growth in the share of organizations that use cloud services (up to 27.1%), the use of big data processing technologies (up to 25.8%), the Internet of Things (up to 13.7%) and specialized software for design (up to ten%).
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