Their systems are not the same – Newspaper Kommersant No. 17 (7462) dated 01/31/2023
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Among Russian companies from among backbone enterprises and organizations of critical information infrastructure, only 3% and 1.7%, respectively, replaced foreign operating systems (OS) and database management systems (DBMS) with domestic ones. The main difficulty remains the compatibility of solutions with current software and hardware. According to market participants, the implementation of the announced adaptation projects will require up to five years.
“Kommersant” got acquainted with the study of the developer of cybersecurity solutions “SearchInform” on import substitution of database management systems (DBMS) and operating systems in Russian backbone companies and subjects of critical information infrastructure (CII, important for the country IT networks, including government agencies, industrial enterprises, objects of transport, communications, etc.). During the study, from September to November 2022, 1.1 thousand IT specialists from various industries were interviewed.
According to the results, only 3% of backbone enterprises and 1.7% of CII subjects have fully completed the import substitution of system software (OS and DBMS). 23% of respondents are in the process of transition. Most companies (53%) only plan it. System software is the most difficult to replace, it’s not only labor costs, but also the need to retrain employees, adapt existing software, says Alexei Parfentiev, head of the SearchInform analytics department.
According to the presidential decree of March 30, 2022, from January 1, 2025, state-owned companies are prohibited from using foreign software and equipment to ensure the operation of CII. To support Russian developers, the government has prepared two “road maps”: “New system-wide software” (NOPO: OS, office suites, DBMS) and “New industrial software” (NIPO: design systems, PLM, BIM, etc.) . The projects included in the documents apply for grants and preferences in public procurement. In total, 37.1 billion rubles were allocated for import substitution in this part. until 2024 (see Kommersant dated November 25, 2022).
The figures given in the report are very similar to the real state of affairs, Dmitry Ovchinnikov, chief specialist of the Gazinformservice integrated protection systems department, believes: “Large companies have a lot of different software, often paired, and the transition to new operating systems will be difficult for them.” Sibur Digital noted that the situation with DBMS is developing faster thanks to cloud technologies.
Large telecom operators are working on the transition to domestic DBMS and OS at KII facilities “systematically”, they say in MegaFon: “This requires a restructuring of business processes for managing IT assets.” Migration to domestic operating systems is difficult because they do not support many components and application software, said Yegor Bigun, head of VimpelCom’s cybersecurity solutions development.
In the financial sector, they emphasize that developers of banking software “have used foreign OS and DBMS for decades.” The industry experiences the greatest difficulties when replacing automated banking systems (ABS), which, with a large volume of transactions, must constantly expand the data schema, explained Nikolai Kozak, Managing Director for IT and Digital Transformation at Dom.RF.
Domestic developers do not deny the difficulties in transferring customers to their solutions. “Compatibility with application software and hardware remains one of the main problems,” says Oleg Karpitsky, General Director of STC IT ROSA.
But, Ilya Sivtsev, General Director of Astra Group, emphasizes, replacing only system and infrastructure software is not enough: “We need to develop specialized industry products immediately for domestic platforms. Now there is a huge number of pilot projects, on average, their implementation takes from six months to one and a half years. The transition itself, depending on the complexity of the enterprise infrastructure, will take from six months to several years.
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