The size of problem loans differs sharply between banks and MFIs
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The debtors of banks and microfinance institutions (MFIs) are becoming more and more similar to each other. Thus, the average income of borrowers with overdue debts from MFOs turned out to be only 17% lower than the same indicator for bank debtors. At the same time, the average amount of problem bank debt is about six times higher. The imbalance, according to experts, is associated with the growth of household incomes and the tightening of scoring models. As a result, in their opinion, taking into account the growth of rates and the unstable economic situation, the risk of default by bank borrowers is often higher. To contain the aggravation of the situation, market participants note, an increase in the key rate and the policy of the Central Bank regarding lending to citizens can.
“Kommersant” got acquainted with the data of the ID Collect service for the return of bad debts (part of the IDF Eurasia fintech group), according to which the average income of MFO debtors is only 17% lower than that for citizens who borrow banks. The materials of ID Collect analyzed the data of more than 100 thousand debtors of MFIs and banks, whose debts were transferred for collection under an assignment agreement.
“In both categories, it is at the level of about 60 thousand rubles. per person, that is, in the average range,” confirms Boris Voronin, director of SRO NAPCA. In the first half of the year, according to Rosstat, the real wages of Russians grew by almost 7% year-on-year, and unemployment fell to 3% in July, adds Alexander Shneiderman, head of the sales and customer support department at Alfa Forex.
Reducing the gap in the income of debtors of banks and MFIs is a natural trend, explains Alexander Vasiliev, CEO of ID Collect.
“Over the past two or three years, the quality of an MFI borrower has noticeably changed and, in terms of its characteristics, has approached the parameters of a bank debtor, especially in terms of average income,” he emphasizes. loans, even to solvent customers whose income level fell short of the updated requirements. Such clients applied for money to MFIs, and gradually a niche of former bank borrowers formed in this segment.”
In addition, against the backdrop of a systematic tightening of regulation in the microfinance industry, MFIs themselves have reorganized themselves to work with better clients, adds Mr. Vasiliev. “For example, a borrower in the installment segment (long-term loans.— “b”) is practically identical to banking, including in terms of income,” confirms the trend, Elman Mehdiyev, Chairman of the Council of SRO “MiR”.
“Given that only 40% of Russians actually have savings, it has become normal to apply for loans and loans, regardless of income level. And if earlier it was a passion for people with a minimum wage, now we are talking about citizens with an average income, – notes the founder of Anderida Financial Group Alexei Tarapovsky. and it is often higher for MFIs. Thus, the solvent audience goes to them.”
Elvira NabiullinaHead of the Central Bank, December 28, 2021:
“Especially, of course, it worries when the debt burden grows. We now have almost a third of the people … they already spend more than 80% of their income on debt service.
At the same time, from the point of view of the client’s solvency, the linear indicator of income is of secondary importance, experts say. More important is the number of debts per person in the family and their average amount, Mr. Voronin emphasizes: “Here, the situation is more complicated for bank debtors, where the amount of debt is several times higher, and the number of debts is comparable to the same indicator for MFO borrowers – 1 .34 and 1.33 respectively,” the expert explains.
But the average amount of troubled bank debt has not yet equaled this indicator for MFIs, they add to ID Collect. Thus, a check in the banking cession segment is about six times higher than the same indicator for MFIs, the company specifies. They believe that the situation will worsen: the average amount of debt in the banking segment of the cession portfolio will gradually increase as the share of secured loans in such portfolios increases.
In any case, lending will slow down in the near future, market participants are sure. “It is quite possible that the trend may continue and strengthen, but the increase in the Central Bank’s rate will cut off some of those who want to get loans,” says Dmitry Zharsky, director of the expert group Veta.
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