Mechanisms were outlined for technologies – Newspaper Kommersant No. 12 (7457) of 01/24/2023
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The government outlined the mechanisms by which it is planned to stimulate the technological development of Russia until 2030. Among them, according to Kommersant, are loans secured by intellectual property, the commercialization of developments in the defense sector and subsidies for “reverse engineering”. Because of the sanctions, the industry is threatened with “technological degradation,” officials admit, so in the medium term, it will be necessary to localize about 300-400 types of products.
The government has prepared a preliminary version of the concept of Russia’s technological development until 2030, a source familiar with the document told Kommersant. President Vladimir Putin instructed to develop it in September 2022, and on January 23, First Deputy Prime Minister Andrei Belousov announced that the final version was planned to be approved in March. Kommersant’s interlocutors specify that the Ministry of Digital Development, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Education and Science and other ministries, leading universities and state corporations are participating in the development of the document.
In the preliminary version of the concept, the threats of depletion of the technical resource, the drain of highly qualified personnel, as well as the lag in the introduction of new technologies are noted as the main ones. Before the introduction of large-scale sanctions after the outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine in 2022, 75% of investments in equipment accounted for imported solutions, therefore, in the medium term, various industries are threatened by “technological degradation of production systems,” says a Kommersant source. The Ministry of Digital Development did not answer “Kommersant”.
The authors of the concept, according to Kommersant’s interlocutors, propose to create new mechanisms for the commercialization of intellectual property (IP), including its use as collateral for lending. For this, in turn, it is necessary to develop mechanisms for evaluating IP. Disputes over IP rights can be referred to arbitration courts (now they are under the jurisdiction of courts of general jurisdiction).
The government is proposed to grant the right to transfer to organizations exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity – this should help organize the transfer of developments from the defense sector to the civil one. It is proposed to evaluate the achievement of the goals of the concept, including by the share that civilian products occupy in the volume of goods of defense enterprises.
According to the authors of the document, it is required to localize the production of about 300-400 types of industrial products and components. For this, sources explain to Kommersant, it is proposed to draw up a list, and then subsidize “reverse engineering” (reverse engineering, the study of someone else’s product in order to recreate its structure). It is planned to encourage the creation of new industries through “industrial mortgages”, that is, subsidies for the purchase of real estate in the industrial sector.
For officials responsible for the implementation of innovative projects with state funding, a “right to risk” can be introduced, that is, a presumption of good faith in case of failure to achieve results.
Back in 2022, participants in the IT market discussed with the Ministry of Digital Development the idea of a mechanism for lending secured by IP, but at that time it was not specified, says a top manager of a Russian software development company.
Such a mechanism is “certainly necessary,” Mikhail Lebedev, head of the board of directors of Almi Partner, is sure: “Now IT companies that do not have physical assets have to attract third-party investors to finance new projects.” Banks, he adds, are now not ready to consider IP as collateral, although IT companies already have estimates of the value of rights to their developments and know-how.
The mechanism for obtaining funds secured by IP is correct, but it will not work in Russia, since the institution of intellectual property itself is underdeveloped in the country, Denis Kasimov, CEO of Factory5 (develops industrial software), notes: “The state’s approach to IP has changed several times, so it is difficult for companies to trust the government on this issue.”
The costs of servicing state subsidies and grants are now quite large, “many reporting mechanisms can be painlessly simplified,” adds Laurent Hakobyan, CEO of iPavlov. He notes that small companies, especially those involved in collaborations with other market participants, find it difficult to protect their IP and referral of disputes to arbitration courts is “the right initiative that can lead to better and more professional legal practices.”
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