Loan for the self-employed in 2023
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Since January 1, 2019, the category of self-employed includes people who use the special tax regime “professional income tax” (at a rate of 4% to 6%). Most often, these are nannies, private tutors, manicurists and others. How to get a loan for the self-employed – in the material “Kommersant”.
Back in 2019, banks refused to provide a loan to the self-employed, since this category of citizens could not confirm their income. And a client without a confirmed income is a high risk for a credit institution. Banks offered the self-employed only consumer credit terms with a high interest rate.
In 2021, the situation has changed. First, self-employed citizens were included in the registers of SMEs, and they began to use the full range of services, services and financial instruments in the My Business centers. Then the tax authorities allowed NAP users to confirm income using a certificate in the My Tax application or in their personal account on the FTS website.
By the end of 2021, the number of NAP payers reached 4 million people, and over the three years of the new regime, their income exceeded 882 billion rubles. Banks have become more willing to accommodate such clients so as not to lose a large share of borrowers.
Types of self-employment
Credit institutions evaluate clients by the level of risk and reliability. Not only the amount of income is important, but also the frequency of receipts, the stability of the financial situation and the availability of free money. Self-employed workers are divided into several categories.
Self-employed – part-time. This is the most profitable option for a self-employed loan. He has a permanent place of work, an employment contract has been drawn up, and the employer pays income tax to the budget. For him, self-employment is part-time work. Such an employee can provide information for each type of income:
– the employer will issue a certificate of income under an employment contract;
– income from self-employment can be confirmed by a certificate from the application.
Self-employed individual entrepreneur. After the introduction of the new tax regime, some entrepreneurs changed the previous special regime to NAP. They became self-employed entrepreneurs in order to avoid reporting, not to pay insurance premiums, and at the same time not to lose the status of an individual entrepreneur.
If an individual entrepreneur has been on the market for several years and a bank account has been opened for him, then the chances of obtaining a loan are good. In addition, an individual entrepreneur can submit a declaration for the last tax period and an income book.
Self-employed – private person. This is the most problematic client for the bank. He has no income statement, no declarations, and the money comes to a personal bank card. The only document that will confirm their regular income is a certificate in the My Tax application or in your personal account on the website of the Federal Tax Service. For such self-employed, banks offer ordinary consumer loans at the highest rates.
How to increase your chances of getting a loan as a self-employed person
A self-employed person is more likely to receive a loan if he turns to a bank whose card he uses constantly. It will be easier for a credit institution to check the turnover on the account or the presence of a deposit. A self-employed person must submit a certificate of income, which is generated in the My Tax application or in the personal account of the NAP payer.
You can also make an initial deposit. For example, if a self-employed person applies for a bank loan to purchase expensive equipment worth 500 thousand rubles. and made a large contribution in the amount of 200 thousand rubles, then the bank will more readily approve a loan with a down payment of a third of the amount.
You should also check your credit history before applying for a loan. If there are outstanding loans, they need to be closed. It is also worth clearing out debts. The chances of getting approved for a loan will be significantly reduced if the bank finds out that the self-employed person has debts to bailiffs or professional income tax.
If a self-employed person submits documents for collateral (real estate or vehicles), then the bank will most likely approve the loan. In addition, you can find a guarantor or co-borrower from friends or relatives.
Why banks often refuse self-employed loans
The tax regime for the self-employed is experimental, it is designed for ten years. And this is the main reason why banks are in no hurry to trust freelancers, especially when it comes to a long-term loan: there is no one hundred percent guarantee that the project will not be closed after 2028. It is also difficult for banks to assess and predict the income and solvency of such an audience.
Product development for the self-employed is difficult due to the heterogeneity of this client group. It includes both representatives of the creative class with a relatively high solvency, as well as couriers and taxi drivers. And while it is not easy to create a portrait of the audience and determine its needs.
Alexey Volkov, Marketing Director of the National Bureau of Credit Histories:
– Currently, the number of self-employed in Russia exceeds 4 million people. For banks, this is a significant number of potential customers, but the problem here, as always, is with confirmation of official income. And for obvious reasons, the self-employed cannot boast of this. Last year, the Central Bank was going to include a certificate of self-employed income from the My Tax application in the list of documents officially confirming income for lending purposes. However, the number of loans issued by banks to this category of borrowers did not increase as a result. It should be noted that this is largely a consequence of the banks’ own credit policy, since in the event of non-repayment of borrowed funds, it is they who bear the losses. Before banks turn in this direction, they must gain relevant experience and collect statistics. And the acceleration of the process of developing a good credit history and personal credit rating by the self-employed can help here.
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