When does spring conscription start in 2023: dates

How is the recruitment to the army: terms of service, grounds for deferment and stay in the reserve – in the material “Kommersant”.

Dates and age of recruitment

Military conscription in Russia takes place twice a year at the same time: spring – from April 1 to July 15, autumn – from October 1 to December 31. It is worth noting that in 2022, due to partial mobilization, the autumn conscription was moved from October 1st to November 1st. The decree on conscription of citizens for service is signed by the President of the Russian Federation. Residents of the Far North are always called up a month later, teachers – only in the spring (from May 1), residents of rural areas working on sowing and harvesting campaigns – only in the fall (from October 15).

The age of conscription is from 18 to 27 years, the term of service is one year. The summons to appear at the military registration and enlistment office is issued to the conscript personally in his hands, no one else has the right to receive it.

In December 2022, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu spoke with the initiative to gradually change the boundaries of the military age. He proposed raising the age of enlistment for military service from 18 to 21 years, and the maximum draft age from 27 to 30 years.

Important! Dodgers face criminal liability (part 1 of article 328 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation): up to 200 thousand rubles. fine, up to six months of arrest, up to two years of forced labor or imprisonment.

Lawyer Arseniy Levinson:

“There are no peculiarities of holding recruiting events during the period when a special military operation is underway. In recent years, the number of citizens who should be called up has been declining. After the presidential decree, it will be clear whether the number of conscripts will remain or, on the contrary, will be increased.

In cities of federal significance and regions, the call also takes place without any special features. The only thing that differs is the so-called summoning task. The Main Organizational and Mobilization Directorate of the General Staff forms for each region a certain number of citizens who need to be drafted into the armed forces. Traditionally, there are fewer conscripts from the south of Russia and the Caucasus, while in Central Russia and the Urals, the task of conscripting is greater.”

Categories of validity

The readiness of a conscript for service is determined by a medical commission, which includes a therapist, an ophthalmologist, an otolaryngologist, a dentist, a neurologist, a surgeon and a psychiatrist. After passing the medical examination, the conscript is assigned a category of fitness:

“A” – healthy, can serve in any army;

“B” – has minor health problems, fit with restrictions (according to the type of troops);

“B” – has serious health problems, is subject to conscription only in wartime;

“G” – temporarily not subject to conscription for health reasons, receives a delay of 6 or 12 months;

“D” – the state of health does not allow to serve.

Who will not be taken into the army?

The following are exempt from conscription:

• candidates and doctors of sciences;
• probationers;
• under investigation;
• having a criminal record;
• as well as close relatives of servicemen who died in the line of duty.

Postponement is due:

• students enrolled in full-time departments;
• deputies, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the FSB;
• guardians of minors;
• those who care for a close relative;
• single fathers;
• fathers of two or more children;
• fathers of disabled children under three years of age;
• as well as men whose wife is carrying a second child (more than 26 weeks).

From March 2022, employees of IT companies with state accreditation, who have a specialized higher education and have worked in it for at least 11 months, or who got a job within a year after graduation, can apply for a deferment.

In the current year, the deferment form can be was to fill on “Gosuslugakh” from January 23 to February 6. If the application is approved by the employer, then the generated lists are sent to the Ministry of Digital Development, and from there to the Ministry of Defense. The decision on the postponement in 2023 will be made by the draft board from April 1 to July 15.

Alternative and contract service

Military service is compulsory, but in special cases it can be replaced by alternative civilian service (ACS) – for example, if the conscript’s beliefs or religion are contrary to military service. The list of organizations where a conscript can pass the ACS, according to the Ministry of Labor, among the professions is a livestock breeder, painter, bulldozer driver, cook, tractor driver and others (experience and length of service are taken into account).

Additional Information. Unlike military service, the ACS lasts 21 months, and in the case of civilian personnel in military organizations, it lasts 18 months. An application for changing the type of service must be submitted no later than six months before the start of the call: it must indicate the reasons and circumstances for such a decision.

In addition, the service can be completed under a contract – for two or three years. The contract can be concluded by men and women. In May 2022, State Duma deputies adopted amendments to the Federal Law “On military duty and military service”, which abolished the upper age limit for those wishing to conclude the first contract for military service. If the conscript has already been sent to military service, then he can switch to contract service no earlier than in three months. At the same time, the conscript will in any case spend the first year in the barracks.

Stock and reserve

The stock includes:

• retired from military service;
• successfully completed training in military universities and centers;
• past military service or ACS;
• completed their studies at the military departments;
• exempted from conscription or received a deferral of up to 27 years;
• women with a military specialty.

Of the persons in the reserve, a reserve is formed. It is needed in order to quickly equip the armed forces with trained and trained military specialists, if necessary. Reservists can be called up for service at any time, so they are in the reserve under a contract with the Ministry of Defense, which determines the basic conditions for their stay in the reserve.

Call for military training

Every year, military training is held in Russia to train the army reserve and improve its training. The President of the Russian Federation signs a decree on conscripting reserve servicemen for military training. The age of participants in such collections depends on the stock category. Exemption is given to all the same categories as for military service.

Note! Not only those who have served are called to the training camp, but also those who had a release or a deferment. Failure to appear at the training camp faces a fine of 500 to 3 thousand rubles. (Article 21.5. Administrative Code of the Russian Federation).

Collections last no more than two months. One citizen cannot be called to them more than once every three years and more than 12 months at a time. Participants retain their place of work and average salary.

Arkady Komarov; group “Direct speech”