The market of educational services was skewed by mobilization: half of the students do not work in their specialty

The market of educational services was skewed by mobilization: half of the students do not work in their specialty



2023 Admissions Campaign Will Target the Smartest and SPOs

Against the backdrop of endless reforms, some of which are successful, like the development of a vocational education system (VET), and some not so much, like providing almost half of the budget places to future engineers, changes are coming again. It can be seen with the naked eye how many specialists who did not want to arm themselves rushed out of the country. How will this affect education, especially career guidance?

First, about the average. On the basis of the Ministry of Education, an entire strategy for the development of secondary vocational education and the employment market was previously created, and last year the range of areas of study was revised. Something was enlarged, especially in the food industry, in metallurgy, energy, but something was deleted. Such names as a hairdresser (now he is a stylist), a ship's cook (cook), a ship's flight attendant (steward), an embroiderer, a shoe assembler, a driver of urban electric transport, and others have left the list. In total, about 100 "professions and specialties that are irrelevant today." But on the other hand, 90 fashionable professions and areas of study were added: “graphic designer”, “defectoscopist”, “master of landscape gardening and landscape construction”, “master of crop production”, “master of general construction works”, “sculptor-modeler of architectural details”, etc.

However, mobilization makes its own adjustments. Despite the shortage of workers, it is carried out almost blindly. For example, in the Moscow Metro, drivers are called in, and because of this, the intervals of movement have already been increased. If we talk about the average level of training, then here too, junior medical staff, who are already lacking, may soon be missing. Or trained operators of continuous production lines, and these are piece specialists. Yes, and trained locksmiths, repairmen, production technologists ...

Even yesterday, experts believed that with secondary education in Russia, everything is fine. According to the RANEPA, since 2016, the increase in students entering colleges and technical schools has been 10%. A few years ago, the share of those entering universities and colleges for the budget was 80/20, but now it is 70/30.

A study of the secondary vocational education market by the National Research University Higher School of Economics also showed that enrollment in technical colleges is growing. Namely, “3.4 million people were studying in Russia under SVE programs at the beginning of the 2021/2022 academic year,” the report says. - 83.2% in secondary vocational education studied for middle-level specialists, 16.8% for skilled workers and employees. The most popular areas are IT, medicine, law, tourism, graphic design. The data on employment after graduation is also interesting. The overall employment rate is high, around 80%. But at the same time, only a little more than half, 58%, are employed in their specialty among workers.

As for IT specialists, who seem to have been exempted from partial mobilization, this is not entirely true. Many employers have gone down the path of "drowning to themselves" and removed themselves from the process. People solve their own problems by leaving the country. In many cases, they have to break all habitual ties, including employment contracts.

- In fact, not even 70% to 30%, but 60 to 40 - this is a normal indicator between HE and SPO, in Norway, for example, - says an expert in the field of education Yevgeny Serov. - SVE is most developed there, perhaps even by the level of Europe, it is built into their school system. The professional and technical status is also well established in Spain, Argentina, Brazil, and Britain. In general, the gold standard is such that 60% go to university, 40% go to college. It is in our country there has been a certain distortion. Because “petushnik”, “putyaga” were abusive words with us. Now the disproportion in the heads of the type “if only the crust, it doesn’t matter what”, is being corrected. Yes, and laws on "proftech" began to be adopted, thank God. Now I see two contradictions. The first is qualification categories that are divorced from the education system. For example, the head of the shop must have a VO, whatever it may be. And it doesn't matter that he knows every screw in the shop. No higher education, no position. Therefore, now a system of 9 (classes) plus secondary vocational education + a shortened bachelor's degree is being developed for some professions and areas. Another trend, set by the time, is associated with the outflow of IT specialists. Since spring, the digital agency has been expressing concern that there is a shortage of IT specialists. Today this situation is getting worse. So, our educational system will most likely face a task with two unknowns: intensifying training in the vocational education system, and increasing admissions to universities with higher-level mathematics.



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