The industry has not parted with sanctioned imports

The industry has not parted with sanctioned imports



The Gaidar Institute (IEP) in January conducted a survey of representatives of industrial enterprises on how they replaced imports of equipment, spare parts and components that fell under the sanctions in 2022 (see chart). It turned out that the unconditional "import substitutes" in relation to machinery and equipment were Chinese manufacturers (67% of respondents switched to their products). Earlier, in 2022, IEP surveys recorded that the transition to such supplies from China was forced and companies would prefer European counterparts even for a lot of money.

It should be noted that 15% of respondents reported that they somehow continue to receive "sanctioned" machines and equipment. Russian manufacturers, faced with a shortage of both components and personnel in 2022 (see Kommersant on February 6), became suppliers for 39% of IEP respondents, companies from the EAEU - for 21%, from Turkey - 17%.

China has also become a leader in replacing sanctioned spare parts, with 63% of industrial companies switching to its products. Russian analogues were received by 46% of enterprises, 22% reported that the supply of “sanctioned” spare parts was preserved. Suppliers from the EAEU countries and Turkey were able to satisfy the demand for spare parts in approximately the same shares as in the case of equipment.

With the substitution of components, the positions of Russian manufacturers look the best - they were even able to outperform Chinese competitors by two percentage points (54% of the respondents' votes). "Sanctioned" raw materials and materials are not used by 20% of enterprises, machinery and equipment - only 11%. At the same time, 23% still continue to receive "prohibited" imported components.

According to the IEP, in January, the investment plans of industrial companies continued to recover and renewed the crisis maximum - their balance reached zero. At the same time, a weak ruble, which a year ago, at the stage of the rapid recovery of the industry from the covid crisis, was considered an obstacle by 34% of enterprises that preferred to purchase imported equipment, now it is a limiter to industrial growth for only 9% of manufacturers.

Artem Chugunov



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