Teachers and parents spoke about the return to the school of "labor lessons"

Teachers and parents spoke about the return to the school of "labor lessons"



A group of State Duma deputies led by the chairman of the Committee on Education Olga Kazakova and Nina Ostanina proposes to return “works” and other “socially useful” physical activities to the secondary education program. According to the plan of the parliamentarians, children and teenagers will have to clean up, plant trees and flowers, help the school theater, museum, library. This also applies to colleges and schools. The authors of the bill also advocate obligatory "labor" - labor lessons such as they used to be at school. Apparently, the next reform of the school and special vocational system causes conflicting opinions. And on the ground, the revived “works” and duties are seen differently than from the windows of Okhotny Ryad.

For the sake of indispensable attraction of schoolchildren to work, the Duma members plan to rewrite the norms of the law "On Education". Now it is written in it that, for example, adult students can be forced to clean up a school only with their consent, and minors - with the permission of their parents or legal representatives. And in order to achieve "the formation of industriousness among students, a responsible attitude to work and its results", it is necessary to radically change the norms of the educational, and indeed the all-Russian code. The ban on the work of minors, for example. And take away from parents the right to decide which elements of occupational therapy are useful for the child and which are not.

“I see that the legal conflict will be wider than the abolition of parental priority in resolving issues with labor education at school,” says lawyer Vladimir Poletaev. - The Federal Law "On Education" is based on the fact that parents have a priority right over the school for all the functions indicated in the legislation: educational, developmental and educational. The parent chooses both the form of education, and the program, and the educational institution, and even taking into account the opinion of the child. And the parent has the responsibility to provide the basic general education of the child. If the Duma wants education to become labor education or something else, the whole law must be redone.

But besides the legal hitches in the proposal, there are many hidden contradictions. "MK" interviewed several teachers, head teachers of schools and officials directly related to secondary education. And I realized that from an applied, everyday point of view, the idea of ​​\u200b\u200b"labor"-cleaning is hardly feasible.

“Firstly, what to introduce: in part of the schools in Moscow and not only, there is already something like this,” says Anastasia Kruglikova, a methodologist at SPO, a teacher-technologist. - For several years I supervised schools specifically for "Technology" (as Trud is now called. - Auth.). And I can say that autonomy in the choice of programs in "Technology" is only good. For example, in schools for children with disabilities, in low-ranking schools, students are already given these very “works”. The whole class is engaged in cooking - and the schedule is "Cooking". Or he makes something out of wood, does handicrafts, and is engaged in modeling. In strong schools on "Technology" computer science, theory or practical work. Or a math workshop, for example. In New Moscow, where the territory allows, in schools in the southwest, children plant bushes and flowers, activist parents organize. Somewhere the guys go to master classes: to crafts, to bake pizza, to make ice cream... But this is already extracurricular. And the scenery is made by children, and crafts for the museum, theatrical costumes are sewn not only in schools with an aesthetic component. And to force everyone to work as a carpenter or to cook borscht, as it was in the old school, in my opinion, is not an idea.

“I wanted to take the course “Elements of Electrical Engineering” at our school from the 5th grade,” says physics teacher Boris Kuzmenok. - When I was still working at a technical school, I thought - why can't schoolchildren assemble an elementary circuit? They come after the 9th grade and cannot connect the bulbs in series, they see the terminals for the first time in their lives. Both boys and girls. So the idea arose to collect the simplest schematics for "Technology", to show how the devices are arranged from the inside. The same vacuum cleaner, for example, the simplest device - a fan on the contrary ... In general, I am a survivalist by hobbies, I think that everyone should be able to cook dinner, sew up clothes, wash or repair an electrical appliance. And such a course at school would not hurt, such a “useful work”. But they didn’t allow it, only a theory can be given. Because there are special requirements for electrical safety at school. My ideas did not survive either electrical or fire safety. And we already go through the theory in physics - what's the point of duplicating it?

“Everyone who says and writes that some programs at school should be “as before” forget that we do not live as before,” says Lidia Leonidova, head teacher of the school. - Schools are self-supporting, our financial and economic activities are strictly regulated and accountable. The school is a legal entity. We are obliged to strictly comply with safety rules and SanPiNs, hygiene standards and so on. This is to the issue of cleaning or children's duty. Thanks, no, better cleaning. Or they decided that girls should bake pies at school, fry potatoes. But do they have any idea how we can buy these slabs, where to put them, and, most importantly, how to coordinate with the State Fire Supervision Service in the center of Moscow? We barely broke through the flagpole in the yard - you understand, there was a completely different significance. What if the child has food allergies? Now there are many children with allergies, and with poor eyesight, and with other health conditions. If someone pierces his finger with a nail, burns himself, our parents will drag us through the courts, and the administration will pay for the moral damage.

It is reported that the Duma initiative on socially useful labor education is being considered by the Ministry of Education. And the bill itself will be read in the State Duma until July 31. With all the relevance of the topic, there are doubts that the old-fashioned "works" will fit into modern school reality. Or, being nevertheless accepted, they will not degenerate into a pro forma.

Parent-teacher publics as the most democratic metronome in the discussion of "works" are contradictory. “Why do children need this life?” - ask mostly mothers. And dads are nostalgic about how, under the guidance of a Trudovik, they knocked together stools in a beret, and the girls fed them salads. And not everyone has handy parents at home, and there are even single-parent families: they say, what's wrong if they teach you to hold a hammer or a needle at school? Teachers believe that if the student himself wipes sticky gum or ink from the desk, it will be very informative. But no one knows how to practically implement the lessons of labor and cleaning by the efforts of children in a “recorded” school from the basement to the roof, working in two shifts, no one knows.

Published in the newspaper "Moskovsky Komsomolets" No. 29037 dated May 26, 2023

Newspaper headline:
Difficult choice



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